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postgrest/src/PostgREST/Error.hs
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Steve ChavezandGitHub 0fbb116dd2 add basic ARCHITECTURE.md (#2503) 
* refactor: move ApiRequest a top-level module
* refactor: rename DbStructure to SchemaCache
* refactor: GucHeader inside Response
* refactor: admin app to Workers
2022-10-10 11:24:45 -05:00

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{-|
Module : PostgREST.Error
Description : PostgREST error HTTP responses
-}
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-orphans #-}
{-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-}
module PostgREST.Error
( errorResponseFor
, ApiRequestError(..)
, PgError(..)
, Error(..)
, errorPayload
, checkIsFatal
, singularityError
) where
import qualified Data.Aeson as JSON
import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as BS
import qualified Data.Text as T
import qualified Data.Text.Encoding as T
import qualified Data.Text.Encoding.Error as T
import qualified Hasql.Pool as SQL
import qualified Hasql.Session as SQL
import qualified Network.HTTP.Types.Status as HTTP
import Data.Aeson ((.=))
import Network.Wai (Response, responseLBS)
import Network.HTTP.Types.Header (Header)
import PostgREST.ApiRequest.Types (ApiRequestError (..),
QPError (..),
RangeError (..))
import PostgREST.MediaType (MediaType (..))
import qualified PostgREST.MediaType as MediaType
import PostgREST.SchemaCache.Identifiers (QualifiedIdentifier (..))
import PostgREST.SchemaCache.Proc (ProcDescription (..),
ProcParam (..))
import PostgREST.SchemaCache.Relationship (Cardinality (..),
Junction (..),
Relationship (..))
import Protolude
class (JSON.ToJSON a) => PgrstError a where
status :: a -> HTTP.Status
headers :: a -> [Header]
errorPayload :: a -> LByteString
errorPayload = JSON.encode
errorResponseFor :: a -> Response
errorResponseFor err = responseLBS (status err) (headers err) $ errorPayload err
instance PgrstError ApiRequestError where
status AmbiguousRelBetween{} = HTTP.status300
status AmbiguousRpc{} = HTTP.status300
status BinaryFieldError{} = HTTP.status406
status MediaTypeError{} = HTTP.status415
status InvalidBody{} = HTTP.status400
status InvalidFilters = HTTP.status405
status InvalidRpcMethod{} = HTTP.status405
status InvalidRange{} = HTTP.status416
status NotFound = HTTP.status404
status NoRelBetween{} = HTTP.status400
status NoRpc{} = HTTP.status404
status NotEmbedded{} = HTTP.status400
status ParseRequestError{} = HTTP.status400
status PutRangeNotAllowedError = HTTP.status400
status QueryParamError{} = HTTP.status400
status UnacceptableSchema{} = HTTP.status406
status UnsupportedMethod{} = HTTP.status405
status LimitNoOrderError = HTTP.status400
headers _ = [MediaType.toContentType MTApplicationJSON]
instance JSON.ToJSON ApiRequestError where
toJSON (QueryParamError (QPError message details)) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode00,
"message" .= message,
"details" .= details,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (InvalidRpcMethod method) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode01,
"message" .= ("Cannot use the " <> T.decodeUtf8 method <> " method on RPC"),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (InvalidBody errorMessage) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode02,
"message" .= T.decodeUtf8 errorMessage,
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (InvalidRange rangeError) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode03,
"message" .= ("Requested range not satisfiable" :: Text),
"details" .= (case rangeError of
NegativeLimit -> "Limit should be greater than or equal to zero."
LowerGTUpper -> "The lower boundary must be lower than or equal to the upper boundary in the Range header."
OutOfBounds lower total -> "An offset of " <> lower <> " was requested, but there are only " <> total <> " rows."),
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (ParseRequestError message details) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode04,
"message" .= message,
"details" .= details,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON InvalidFilters = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode05,
"message" .= ("Filters must include all and only primary key columns with 'eq' operators" :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (UnacceptableSchema schemas) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode06,
"message" .= ("The schema must be one of the following: " <> T.intercalate ", " schemas),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (MediaTypeError cts) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode07,
"message" .= ("None of these media types are available: " <> T.intercalate ", " (map T.decodeUtf8 cts)),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON NotFound = JSON.object []
toJSON (NotEmbedded resource) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode08,
"message" .= ("Cannot apply filter because '" <> resource <> "' is not an embedded resource in this request" :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= ("Verify that '" <> resource <> "' is included in the 'select' query parameter." :: Text)]
toJSON LimitNoOrderError = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode09,
"message" .= ("A 'limit' was applied without an explicit 'order'":: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= ("Apply an 'order' using unique column(s)" :: Text)]
toJSON (BinaryFieldError ct) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode13,
"message" .= ((T.decodeUtf8 (MediaType.toMime ct) <> " requested but more than one column was selected") :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON PutRangeNotAllowedError = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode14,
"message" .= ("Range header and limit/offset querystring parameters are not allowed for PUT" :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (UnsupportedMethod method) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode17,
"message" .= ("Unsupported HTTP method: " <> T.decodeUtf8 method),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (NoRelBetween parent child schema) = JSON.object [
"code" .= SchemaCacheErrorCode00,
"message" .= ("Could not find a relationship between '" <> parent <> "' and '" <> child <> "' in the schema cache" :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= ("Verify that '" <> parent <> "' and '" <> child <> "' exist in the schema '" <> schema <> "' and that there is a foreign key relationship between them. If a new relationship was created, try reloading the schema cache." :: Text)]
toJSON (AmbiguousRelBetween parent child rels) = JSON.object [
"code" .= SchemaCacheErrorCode01,
"message" .= ("Could not embed because more than one relationship was found for '" <> parent <> "' and '" <> child <> "'" :: Text),
"details" .= (compressedRel <$> rels),
"hint" .= ("Try changing '" <> child <> "' to one of the following: " <> relHint rels <> ". Find the desired relationship in the 'details' key." :: Text)]
toJSON (NoRpc schema procName argumentKeys hasPreferSingleObject contentType isInvPost) =
let prms = "(" <> T.intercalate ", " argumentKeys <> ")" in JSON.object [
"code" .= SchemaCacheErrorCode02,
"message" .= ("Could not find the " <> schema <> "." <> procName <>
(case (hasPreferSingleObject, isInvPost, contentType) of
(True, _, _) -> " function with a single json or jsonb parameter"
(_, True, MTTextPlain) -> " function with a single unnamed text parameter"
(_, True, MTTextXML) -> " function with a single unnamed xml parameter"
(_, True, MTOctetStream) -> " function with a single unnamed bytea parameter"
(_, True, MTApplicationJSON) -> prms <> " function or the " <> schema <> "." <> procName <>" function with a single unnamed json or jsonb parameter"
_ -> prms <> " function") <>
" in the schema cache"),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= ("If a new function was created in the database with this name and parameters, try reloading the schema cache." :: Text)]
toJSON (AmbiguousRpc procs) = JSON.object [
"code" .= SchemaCacheErrorCode03,
"message" .= ("Could not choose the best candidate function between: " <> T.intercalate ", " [pdSchema p <> "." <> pdName p <> "(" <> T.intercalate ", " [ppName a <> " => " <> ppType a | a <- pdParams p] <> ")" | p <- procs]),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= ("Try renaming the parameters or the function itself in the database so function overloading can be resolved" :: Text)]
compressedRel :: Relationship -> JSON.Value
-- An ambiguousness error cannot happen for computed relationships TODO refactor so this mempty is not needed
compressedRel ComputedRelationship{} = JSON.object mempty
compressedRel Relationship{..} =
let
fmtEls els = "(" <> T.intercalate ", " els <> ")"
in
JSON.object $
("embedding" .= (qiName relTable <> " with " <> qiName relForeignTable :: Text))
: case relCardinality of
M2M Junction{..} -> [
"cardinality" .= ("many-to-many" :: Text)
, "relationship" .= (qiName junTable <> " using " <> junConstraint1 <> fmtEls (snd <$> junColumns1) <> " and " <> junConstraint2 <> fmtEls (snd <$> junColumns2))
]
M2O cons relColumns -> [
"cardinality" .= ("many-to-one" :: Text)
, "relationship" .= (cons <> " using " <> qiName relTable <> fmtEls (fst <$> relColumns) <> " and " <> qiName relForeignTable <> fmtEls (snd <$> relColumns))
]
O2O cons relColumns -> [
"cardinality" .= ("one-to-one" :: Text)
, "relationship" .= (cons <> " using " <> qiName relTable <> fmtEls (fst <$> relColumns) <> " and " <> qiName relForeignTable <> fmtEls (snd <$> relColumns))
]
O2M cons relColumns -> [
"cardinality" .= ("one-to-many" :: Text)
, "relationship" .= (cons <> " using " <> qiName relTable <> fmtEls (fst <$> relColumns) <> " and " <> qiName relForeignTable <> fmtEls (snd <$> relColumns))
]
relHint :: [Relationship] -> Text
relHint rels = T.intercalate ", " (hintList <$> rels)
where
hintList Relationship{..} =
let buildHint rel = "'" <> qiName relForeignTable <> "!" <> rel <> "'" in
case relCardinality of
M2M Junction{..} -> buildHint (qiName junTable)
M2O cons _ -> buildHint cons
O2O cons _ -> buildHint cons
O2M cons _ -> buildHint cons
-- An ambiguousness error cannot happen for computed relationships TODO refactor so this mempty is not needed
hintList ComputedRelationship{} = mempty
data PgError = PgError Authenticated SQL.UsageError
type Authenticated = Bool
instance PgrstError PgError where
status (PgError authed usageError) = pgErrorStatus authed usageError
headers err =
if status err == HTTP.status401
then [MediaType.toContentType MTApplicationJSON, ("WWW-Authenticate", "Bearer") :: Header]
else [MediaType.toContentType MTApplicationJSON]
instance JSON.ToJSON PgError where
toJSON (PgError _ usageError) = JSON.toJSON usageError
instance JSON.ToJSON SQL.UsageError where
toJSON (SQL.ConnectionUsageError e) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ConnectionErrorCode00,
"message" .= ("Database connection error. Retrying the connection." :: Text),
"details" .= (T.decodeUtf8With T.lenientDecode $ fromMaybe "" e :: Text),
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (SQL.SessionUsageError e) = JSON.toJSON e -- SQL.Error
toJSON SQL.AcquisitionTimeoutUsageError = JSON.object [
"code" .= ConnectionErrorCode00,
"message" .= ("Timed out acquiring connection from connection pool." :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
instance JSON.ToJSON SQL.QueryError where
toJSON (SQL.QueryError _ _ e) = JSON.toJSON e
instance JSON.ToJSON SQL.CommandError where
toJSON (SQL.ResultError (SQL.ServerError c m d h _p)) = JSON.object [
"code" .= (T.decodeUtf8 c :: Text),
"message" .= (T.decodeUtf8 m :: Text),
"details" .= (fmap T.decodeUtf8 d :: Maybe Text),
"hint" .= (fmap T.decodeUtf8 h :: Maybe Text)]
toJSON (SQL.ResultError resultError) = JSON.object [
"code" .= InternalErrorCode00,
"message" .= (show resultError :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (SQL.ClientError d) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ConnectionErrorCode01,
"message" .= ("Database client error. Retrying the connection." :: Text),
"details" .= (fmap T.decodeUtf8 d :: Maybe Text),
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
pgErrorStatus :: Bool -> SQL.UsageError -> HTTP.Status
pgErrorStatus _ (SQL.ConnectionUsageError _) = HTTP.status503
pgErrorStatus _ SQL.AcquisitionTimeoutUsageError = HTTP.status504
pgErrorStatus _ (SQL.SessionUsageError (SQL.QueryError _ _ (SQL.ClientError _))) = HTTP.status503
pgErrorStatus authed (SQL.SessionUsageError (SQL.QueryError _ _ (SQL.ResultError rError))) =
case rError of
(SQL.ServerError c m _ _ _) ->
case BS.unpack c of
'0':'8':_ -> HTTP.status503 -- pg connection err
'0':'9':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- triggered action exception
'0':'L':_ -> HTTP.status403 -- invalid grantor
'0':'P':_ -> HTTP.status403 -- invalid role specification
"23503" -> HTTP.status409 -- foreign_key_violation
"23505" -> HTTP.status409 -- unique_violation
"25006" -> HTTP.status405 -- read_only_sql_transaction
'2':'5':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- invalid tx state
'2':'8':_ -> HTTP.status403 -- invalid auth specification
'2':'D':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- invalid tx termination
'3':'8':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- external routine exception
'3':'9':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- external routine invocation
'3':'B':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- savepoint exception
'4':'0':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- tx rollback
'5':'3':_ -> HTTP.status503 -- insufficient resources
'5':'4':_ -> HTTP.status413 -- too complex
'5':'5':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- obj not on prereq state
'5':'7':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- operator intervention
'5':'8':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- system error
'F':'0':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- conf file error
'H':'V':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- foreign data wrapper error
"P0001" -> HTTP.status400 -- default code for "raise"
'P':'0':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- PL/pgSQL Error
'X':'X':_ -> HTTP.status500 -- internal Error
"42883"-> if BS.isPrefixOf "function xmlagg(" m
then HTTP.status406
else HTTP.status404 -- undefined function
"42P01" -> HTTP.status404 -- undefined table
"42501" -> if authed then HTTP.status403 else HTTP.status401 -- insufficient privilege
'P':'T':n -> fromMaybe HTTP.status500 (HTTP.mkStatus <$> readMaybe n <*> pure m)
_ -> HTTP.status400
_ -> HTTP.status500
checkIsFatal :: PgError -> Maybe Text
checkIsFatal (PgError _ (SQL.ConnectionUsageError e))
| isAuthFailureMessage = Just $ toS failureMessage
| otherwise = Nothing
where isAuthFailureMessage = "FATAL: password authentication failed" `isPrefixOf` failureMessage
failureMessage = BS.unpack $ fromMaybe mempty e
checkIsFatal (PgError _ (SQL.SessionUsageError (SQL.QueryError _ _ (SQL.ResultError serverError))))
= case serverError of
-- Check for a syntax error (42601 is the pg code). This would mean the error is on our part somehow, so we treat it as fatal.
SQL.ServerError "42601" _ _ _ _
-> Just "Hint: This is probably a bug in PostgREST, please report it at https://github.com/PostgREST/postgrest/issues"
-- Check for a "prepared statement <name> already exists" error (Code 42P05: duplicate_prepared_statement).
-- This would mean that a connection pooler in transaction mode is being used
-- while prepared statements are enabled in the PostgREST configuration,
-- both of which are incompatible with each other.
SQL.ServerError "42P05" _ _ _ _
-> Just "Hint: If you are using connection poolers in transaction mode, try setting db-prepared-statements to false."
-- Check for a "transaction blocks not allowed in statement pooling mode" error (Code 08P01: protocol_violation).
-- This would mean that a connection pooler in statement mode is being used which is not supported in PostgREST.
SQL.ServerError "08P01" "transaction blocks not allowed in statement pooling mode" _ _ _
-> Just "Hint: Connection poolers in statement mode are not supported."
_ -> Nothing
checkIsFatal _ = Nothing
data Error
= ApiRequestError ApiRequestError
| GucHeadersError
| GucStatusError
| JwtTokenInvalid Text
| JwtTokenMissing
| JwtTokenRequired
| NoSchemaCacheError
| OffLimitsChangesError Int64 Integer
| PgErr PgError
| PutMatchingPkError
| SingularityError Integer
instance PgrstError Error where
status (ApiRequestError err) = status err
status GucHeadersError = HTTP.status500
status GucStatusError = HTTP.status500
status JwtTokenInvalid{} = HTTP.unauthorized401
status JwtTokenMissing = HTTP.status500
status JwtTokenRequired = HTTP.unauthorized401
status NoSchemaCacheError = HTTP.status503
status OffLimitsChangesError{} = HTTP.status400
status (PgErr err) = status err
status PutMatchingPkError = HTTP.status400
status SingularityError{} = HTTP.status406
headers (ApiRequestError err) = headers err
headers (JwtTokenInvalid m) = [MediaType.toContentType MTApplicationJSON, invalidTokenHeader m]
headers JwtTokenRequired = [MediaType.toContentType MTApplicationJSON, requiredTokenHeader]
headers (PgErr err) = headers err
headers SingularityError{} = [MediaType.toContentType MTSingularJSON]
headers _ = [MediaType.toContentType MTApplicationJSON]
instance JSON.ToJSON Error where
toJSON NoSchemaCacheError = JSON.object [
"code" .= ConnectionErrorCode02,
"message" .= ("Could not query the database for the schema cache. Retrying." :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON JwtTokenMissing = JSON.object [
"code" .= JWTErrorCode00,
"message" .= ("Server lacks JWT secret" :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (JwtTokenInvalid message) = JSON.object [
"code" .= JWTErrorCode01,
"message" .= (message :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON JwtTokenRequired = JSON.object [
"code" .= JWTErrorCode02,
"message" .= ("Anonymous access is disabled" :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (OffLimitsChangesError n maxs) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode10,
"message" .= ("The maximum number of rows allowed to change was surpassed" :: Text),
"details" .= T.unwords ["Results contain", show n, "rows changed but the maximum number allowed is", show maxs],
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON GucHeadersError = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode11,
"message" .= ("response.headers guc must be a JSON array composed of objects with a single key and a string value" :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON GucStatusError = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode12,
"message" .= ("response.status guc must be a valid status code" :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON PutMatchingPkError = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode15,
"message" .= ("Payload values do not match URL in primary key column(s)" :: Text),
"details" .= JSON.Null,
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (SingularityError n) = JSON.object [
"code" .= ApiRequestErrorCode16,
"message" .= ("JSON object requested, multiple (or no) rows returned" :: Text),
"details" .= T.unwords ["Results contain", show n, "rows,", T.decodeUtf8 (MediaType.toMime MTSingularJSON), "requires 1 row"],
"hint" .= JSON.Null]
toJSON (PgErr err) = JSON.toJSON err
toJSON (ApiRequestError err) = JSON.toJSON err
invalidTokenHeader :: Text -> Header
invalidTokenHeader m =
("WWW-Authenticate", "Bearer error=\"invalid_token\", " <> "error_description=" <> encodeUtf8 (show m))
requiredTokenHeader :: Header
requiredTokenHeader = ("WWW-Authenticate", "Bearer")
singularityError :: (Integral a) => a -> Error
singularityError = SingularityError . toInteger
-- Error codes are grouped by common modules or characteristics
data ErrorCode
-- PostgreSQL connection errors
= ConnectionErrorCode00
| ConnectionErrorCode01
| ConnectionErrorCode02
-- API Request errors
| ApiRequestErrorCode00
| ApiRequestErrorCode01
| ApiRequestErrorCode02
| ApiRequestErrorCode03
| ApiRequestErrorCode04
| ApiRequestErrorCode05
| ApiRequestErrorCode06
| ApiRequestErrorCode07
| ApiRequestErrorCode08
| ApiRequestErrorCode09
| ApiRequestErrorCode10
| ApiRequestErrorCode11
| ApiRequestErrorCode12
| ApiRequestErrorCode13
| ApiRequestErrorCode14
| ApiRequestErrorCode15
| ApiRequestErrorCode16
| ApiRequestErrorCode17
-- Schema Cache errors
| SchemaCacheErrorCode00
| SchemaCacheErrorCode01
| SchemaCacheErrorCode02
| SchemaCacheErrorCode03
-- JWT authentication errors
| JWTErrorCode00
| JWTErrorCode01
| JWTErrorCode02
-- Internal errors related to the Hasql library
| InternalErrorCode00
instance JSON.ToJSON ErrorCode where
toJSON e = JSON.toJSON (buildErrorCode e)
-- New group of errors will be added at the end of all the groups and will have the next prefix in the sequence
-- New errors are added at the end of the group they belong to and will have the next code in the sequence
buildErrorCode :: ErrorCode -> Text
buildErrorCode code = "PGRST" <> case code of
ConnectionErrorCode00 -> "000"
ConnectionErrorCode01 -> "001"
ConnectionErrorCode02 -> "002"
ApiRequestErrorCode00 -> "100"
ApiRequestErrorCode01 -> "101"
ApiRequestErrorCode02 -> "102"
ApiRequestErrorCode03 -> "103"
ApiRequestErrorCode04 -> "104"
ApiRequestErrorCode05 -> "105"
ApiRequestErrorCode06 -> "106"
ApiRequestErrorCode07 -> "107"
ApiRequestErrorCode08 -> "108"
ApiRequestErrorCode09 -> "109"
ApiRequestErrorCode10 -> "110"
ApiRequestErrorCode11 -> "111"
ApiRequestErrorCode12 -> "112"
ApiRequestErrorCode13 -> "113"
ApiRequestErrorCode14 -> "114"
ApiRequestErrorCode15 -> "115"
ApiRequestErrorCode16 -> "116"
ApiRequestErrorCode17 -> "117"
SchemaCacheErrorCode00 -> "200"
SchemaCacheErrorCode01 -> "201"
SchemaCacheErrorCode02 -> "202"
SchemaCacheErrorCode03 -> "203"
JWTErrorCode00 -> "300"
JWTErrorCode01 -> "301"
JWTErrorCode02 -> "302"
InternalErrorCode00 -> "X00"
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